Memory Anchor:

• Super Challenge:

  Stretch:

  Challenge:

Key Questions:

1. What sub-celluar structures are found in most animal cells?
   • Most animal Cells have the following parts: a nucleus, cytoplasm, Cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes.
2. What additional sub-celluar structures do plant cells often have?
   • In addition to the parts found in animal Cells, plant Cells often have: chloroplasts, permanent vacuole filled with Cell sap, Cell wall.
3. What are plant and algal cell walls made of to strengthen the cell?
   • Plant and algal Cells also have a Cell wall made of Cellulose, which strengthens the Cell.
4. How are each of the following sub-ceullular structures related to their functions: nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, and plasmids (bacterial cells)?
   • Nuclues - controls activities of the Cell, contains DNA. Cytoplasm - site of chemical reactions, liquid for substances to diffuse/move. Cell membrane - controls movement of substances in and out of Cells, partially permeable mebrane. Mitochondria - site of respiration, large surface area to volume ratio from folds. Chloroplasts - site of photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll to absorb light Energy. Ribosomes - site of protein synthesis, they are very small. Plasmids - single loops of DNA, control activity of the Cell.
5. What is the estimated size of an ant, the diameter of a hair, the length of a leaf cell, the size of a red blood cell, the length of bacterium, the size of a virus, the diameter of DNA and the size of a carbon atom.
   • The estimated size of an ant 3mm, the diameter of a hair 100um, the length of a leaf Cell 70um, the size of a red blood Cell 7um, the length of bacterium 1um, the size of a virus 100nm, the diameter of DNA 2.5nm and the size of a carbon atom 0.34nm.