Memory Anchor:

• Super Challenge:

  Stretch:

  Challenge:

Key Questions:

1. What sort of cells are produced during meiosis?
   • Meiosis produces non-identical Cells.
2. What sort of cells are produced during mitosis?
   • Mitosis produces identical Cells.
3. What happens during meiosis? What are examples of gametes in animals and flowering plants?
   • During sexual reproduction male and female gametes are fused. The gametes of animals are sperm and egg Cells and the gametes of flowering plants are pollen and egg Cells.
4. How is variety gained during sexual reproduction?
   • Genetic information is mixed during sexual reproduction which leads to variety.
5. What process allows gametes to be formed?
   • Gametes are formed through meiosis.
6. How is asexual reproduction different to sexual reproduction?
   • Asexual reproduction involves only one parent and no fusion of gametes.
7. How does asexual reproduction lead to clones?
   • There is no mixing of genetic information therefore all offspring is genetically identical.This is due to asexual reproduction using only mitosis.
8. What is the effect on the protein if one DNA base is altered due to a mutation?
   • Most do not alter the protein, or only alter it slightly so that its appearance or function is not changed. (Mutations occur continuously)
9. What is the effect on the protein if a few DNA bases are altered due to continious mutations?
   • A few mutations code for an altered protein with a different shape. An enzyme may no longer fit the substrate binding site or a structural protein may lose its strength.
10. The normal coding for a gene is GGA ATG. What is the type of mutation for: 1. GGC ATG 2. GGA AT
    • 1. Insertion 2. Deletions
11. Why does a having few mutations in the DNA code cause problems?
    • A few mutations code for an altered protein with a different shape. An enzyme may no longer fit the substrate binding site or a structural protein may lose its strength.
12. How can mutations in non-coding parts of DNA affect how genes are expressed?
    • Not all parts of DNA code for proteins. Non-coding parts of DNA can switch genes on and off, so variations in these areas of DNA may affect how genes are expressed.