Memory Anchor:

• Super Challenge:

  Stretch:

  Challenge:

Key Questions:

1. What are covalent bonds?
   • Strong bonds that form when atoms share pairs of electrons
2. What type of substances have covalent bonds?
   • small molecules
3. What are the names of the following substances CO2 H2O H2 Cl2
   • Carbon dioxide water hydrogen chlroine
4. Give an example of large molecules with covalent bonds
   • Polymers
5. Give two examples of substances that have giant covalent structures
   • diamond graphite silicon dioxide
6. List three ways to represent covalent bonds in molecules
   • dot and cross diagrams ball and stick diagrams display formula
7. How are polymers commonly represented?
   • Polymers can be represented using displayed formulae, where n is a large number.
8. Draw dot and cross diagrams for the molecules of hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen chloride, water, ammonia and methane look like?
9. How would you draw a single covalent bond?
   • single line between atoms
10. What are the limitations of using dot and cross, ball and stick, 2D and 3D diagrams to represent substances?
    • dot and cross, ball and stick do not show orginatation in space.