Memory Anchor:

• Super Challenge:

  Stretch:

  Challenge:

Key Questions:

1. What do Sulfate ions in solution produce when they react with barium chloride in the presence of hydrochloric acid?
   • Sulfate ions in solution produce a white precipitate with barium chloride solution in the presence of dilute hydrochloric acid.
2. What solution can be used to identify some some metal ions (cations)?
   • Sodium hydroxide solution can be used to identify some metal ions (cations).
3. What do solutions of aluminium, calcium and magnesium ions form?
   • They form white precipitates when sodium hydroxide solution is added but only the aluminium hydroxide precipitate dissolves in excess sodium hydroxide solution.
4. What happens when sodium hydroxide is added to Solutions of copper(II), iron(II) and iron(III) ions?
   • Solutions of copper(II), iron(II) and iron(III) ions form coloured precipitates when sodium hydroxide solution is added. Copper(II) forms a blue precipitate, iron(II) a green precipitate and iron(III) a brown precipitate.
5. Write a balanced equation for reactions that produce the insoluble hydroxides.
   • CuSo4 2NaOH Cu(OH)2 Na2SO4
6. What is Flame emission spectroscopy used for?
   • Flame emission spectroscopy is an example of an instrumental method used to analyse metal ions in solutions.
7. What can the output of a line spectrum be used for?
   • The sample is put into a flame and the light given out is passed through a spectroscope. The output is a line spectrum that can be analysed to identify the metal ions in the solution and measure their concentrations.