B2 Keywords

Polymer (2) - B2:2

A long molecule made of smaller repeating units joined

Auxin (2) - B2:2

Plant hormones that cause cells to grow.

Tropisms (2) - B2:2

The growth of a plant towards or away from a particular stimulus.

Gene (2) - B2:2

a section of DNA that codes for a protein or part of a protein.

Theory (2) - B2:2

a supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something.

Meiosis (2) - B2:2

cell division that forms unique haploid gametes.

Gamete (2) - B2:2

sex cells that fuse during sexual reproduction.

Evolution (2) - B2:2

the process by which different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth.

Respiration (1) - B2:1

Efficiency (1) - B2:1

Barrier contraception (1) - B2:1

Controlled by physical blocks that stop sperm from entering the female system. (1) - B2:1

Biomass (1) - B2:1

Trophic level (1) - B2:1

Hormone (1) - B2:1

A chemical messenger that travels through the cells.

Hormones (1) - B2:1

A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs.

Gland (1) - B2:1

A gland is a group of cells in an animal's body that makes substances like hormones.

Insulin (1) - B2:1

A hormone, produced by the pancreas, that regulates glucose concentrations in the blood.

Dialysis (1) - B2:1

A procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys stop working properly.

Negative Feedback Cycle (1) - B2:1

A reaction that causes a decrease in function

Synapse (1) - B2:1

A tiny gap at the junction between two nerve cells, which nerve signals must cross.

Dominant (1) - B2:1

An allele that will always give its characteristic if present in the genotype.

Recessive (1) - B2:1

An allele that will only give its characteristic if no dominant allele is present in the genotype.

Allele (1) - B2:1

An alternate version of gene giving a different variation of the characteristic.

Receptor (1) - B2:1

An organ or cell able to respond to light, heat, or other external stimulus and transmit a signal to a sensory nerve.

Risk Factor (1) - B2:1

Any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury.

Diuretic (1) - B2:1

Any substance that promotes dieresis, the increased production of urine.

Relay Neurone (1) - B2:1

Carry messages from one part of the CNS to another.

Sensory Neurone (1) - B2:1

Carry signals from receptors to the spinal cord and brain.

Motor Neurone (1) - B2:1

Carry signals from the CNS to effectors.

Zygote (1) - B2:1

Cell produced from fertilisation. The first cell of a new organism.

Hormones (1) - B2:1

Chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream.

Hormonal contraception (1) - B2:1

Controlled by chemicals that travel through the bloodstream.

Evaluation (1) - B2:1

Criticism of the investigation to see how effective the method was.

Precision (1) - B2:1

How close two or more measurements are to each other.

Fertility (1) - B2:1

How likely someone is to produce viable offspring.

Validity (1) - B2:1

How well the results answer the aim.

Contraception (1) - B2:1

Methods of preventing pregnancy that are either chemical or physical.

Ribosome (1) - B2:1

Organelle that carries out protein synthesis.

Asexual Reproduction (1) - B2:1

Reproduction from one parent producing an identical clone of the parent.

Sexual Reproduction (1) - B2:1

Reproduction involving two parents creating unique offspring

Nucleotide (1) - B2:1

Subunit of DNA made of a sugar, phosphate group and one of 4 bases (A,T,C or G)

Homeostasis (1) - B2:1

The maintenance of steady conditions. The ability of the body to maintain a constant internal environment, e.g. temperature and blood glucose concentration.

Nervous system (1) - B2:1

The network of nerve cells and fibers which transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.

Genome (1) - B2:1

The order of all the bases in the entire DNA of an organism.

Effector (1) - B2:1

The organ, tissue or cell that produces a response.

Uterus (1) - B2:1

The part of the female reproductive system where a fertilised egg will mature into fetus.

Central Nervous System (1) - B2:1

The part of the nervous system made up of the brain and spinal cord.

Reflex Arc (1) - B2:1

The pathway of information from a sensory neuron through an inter neuron to a motor neuron.

Puberty (1) - B2:1

The period at which an organism begins to mature into an adult.

Reproduction (1) - B2:1

The process of creating offspring from one or two parents.

Impulse (1) - B2:1

The signal that travels along the length of a nerve fiber.

Germination (1) - B2:1

The start of growth in a seed.

Seed (1) - B2:1

The unit of reproduction of a flowering plant.

Risks (1) - B2:1

Things that could bring about harm or damage.

Fertilisation (1) - B2:1

Where gametes fuse and combine their chromosomes.

Population (1) - B2:1

a community of organisms among whose members interbreeding occurs.

Characteristics (1) - B2:1

a feature or quality of an organism used to identify them.

Cystic Fibrosis (1) - B2:1

a genetic disorder that alters the mucus in the body affecting the lungs and digestion.

Species (1) - B2:1

a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.

Conclusion (1) - B2:1

a judgement or conclusion reached after investigation.

Antibiotics (1) - B2:1

a medicine (such as penicillin or its derivatives) that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.

Cuttings (1) - B2:1

a piece cut from a plant for propagation.

Genus (1) - B2:1

a principal taxonomic category that ranks above species and below family, and is denoted by a capitalized Latin name, e.g. Leo.

Neurone (1) - B2:1

a specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.

MRSA (1) - B2:1

a strain of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Stimulus (1) - B2:1

a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.

Chromosomes (1) - B2:1

a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

Benefits (1) - B2:1

advantages or profits made from something.

Organism (1) - B2:1

an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.

Embryo (1) - B2:1

an unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development.

Interbreeding (1) - B2:1

breeding between species in order to form viable offspring.

Selective breeding (1) - B2:1

breeding certain plants or animals together in order to pass on desired characteristics

Modification (1) - B2:1

changes or adaptations made to something.

Allele (1) - B2:1

each of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

Polydactyly (1) - B2:1

genetic condition of having extra fingers or toes.

Recessive (1) - B2:1

heritable characteristics controlled by genes which are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents.

Dominant (1) - B2:1

heritable characteristics which are controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring even when inherited from only one parent.

Cloning (1) - B2:1

making identical copies of an organism or item.

Amino Acid (1) - B2:1

one of 24 different subunits joined to make a protein

Geological (1) - B2:1

relating to the study of the earth's physical structure and substance.

Decay (1) - B2:1

rot or decompose through the action of bacteria and fungi.

Inheritance (1) - B2:1

something that is passed on.

Embryo screening (1) - B2:1

testing cells of an embryo for the presence of any genetic conditions.

Sex Chromosomes (1) - B2:1

the 23rd pair of chromosome that determines the sex of the person.

Classification (1) - B2:1

the arrangement of animals and plants in taxonomic groups according to their observed similarities

Taxonomy (1) - B2:1

the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms.

Mutations (1) - B2:1

the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form which may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.

Genome (1) - B2:1

the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.

Genetic engineering (1) - B2:1

the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.

Variation (1) - B2:1

the differences between organisms of the same species.

Speciation (1) - B2:1

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Tissue culture (1) - B2:1

the growth of cells derived from living tissue in an artificial medium.

Kingdom (1) - B2:1

the highest category in taxonomic classification.

DNA (1) - B2:1

the molecule of inheritance made of nucleotides joined together and containing 4 different bases.

Natural selection (1) - B2:1

the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Fossils (1) - B2:1

the remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form.

Gene pool (1) - B2:1

the stock of different genes in an interbreeding population.

Resistant (1) - B2:1

to be unaffected by something.

Extinction (1) - B2:1

when there are no members of a species left living.