| Method |
Precise Learning Objective |
Linked |
Question / Activity
(Designed for maximum working out) |
Stepping Stones |
Pitstop Check
(Thinking Map) |
|
Plants can be infected by a range of viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens as well as by insects.
|
|
(Bio only) What can cause plant infections? Think, pair, Share "What can cause plant infection" Use a circle map to record ideas. |
|
|
|
Plants can be damaged by a range of ion deficiency conditions.
Knowledge of ions is limited to nitrate ions needed for protein synthesis and therefore growth, and magnesium ions needed to make chlorophyll.
* The understanding of ion deficiencies allows horticulturists to provide optimum conditions for plants. |
|
(Bio only) What causes deficiency conditions in plants? |
|
|
|
Stunted growth caused by nitrate deficiency |
|
(Bio only) What ion can cause stunted growth and why? Create a matrix map / table to show the cause, impact and possible solutions for different plant deficiencies and diseases |
|
|
|
Chlorosis caused by magnesium deficiency |
|
(Bio only) What ion can cause chlorosis (pale green leaves)? |
|
|
|
Students should be able to describe physical and chemical plant defence responses. |
|
(Bio only) What are the chemical and physical plant defence responses. Annoate a simple diagram of a plant to show the physical and chemical defenses of a plant. |
|
|
|
Physical defence responses to resist invasion of microorganisms.
? Cellulose cell walls.
? Tough waxy cuticle on leaves.
? Layers of dead cells around stems (bark on trees) which fall off. |
|
(Bio only) What are the physical defences that plants have to resist invasion of microorganisms? EW: Describe the physical and chemical defenses that plants have against the invasion of microorganisms. |
|
|
|
Chemical plant defence responses.
? Antibacterial chemicals.
? Poisons to deter herbivores. |
|
(Bio only) What are the chemical defences that plants have to resist invasion of microorganisms? GF: Suggest how plants have adapted to have these physical and chemical features to aid survival |
|
|
|
(HT only) Plant diseases can be detected by:
? stunted growth
? spots on leaves
? areas of decay (rot)
? growths
? malformed stems or leaves
? discolouration
? the presence of pests. |
|
(Bio only) What are the different ways that plant diseases can be detected? Observe an exhibition of plants or photographs showing evidence of plant disease (as listed in the specification) and garden manuals, internet websites, testing kits (HT).
Search for illustrations on the internet to include in a report (HT). |
|
|
|
(HT only) Identification can be made by:
? reference to a gardening manual or website
? taking infected plants to a laboratory to identify the pathogen
? using testing kits that contain monoclonal antibodies. |
|
(Bio only) How can plant diseases be identified? (give three ways) "Dear Dr Gardner"
write an email to a help section of a gardening website asking for a diagnosis of a plant. Write a response including possible treatment or prevention. |
|
|
|
Mechanical adaptations.
? Thorns and hairs deter animals.
? Leaves which droop or curl when touched.
? Mimicry to trick animals. |
|
(Bio only) What are the mechanical adaptations that plants have to resist invasion of microoganisms? modelling adaptations of plants |
|
|