Lesson Plan: C1.1.01

Hamble Lesson Observation Plan
Learning About
What is the difference between solid, liquid and gas?
Keywords:
  • State of matter: solids, liquids and gases are called the three states of matter. (1)
  • Gas: particles are far apart and arranged in a random way. (1)
  • Liquid: particles are close together and arranged and move in a random way. (1)
  • Solid: particles packed tightly together and are arranged in a regular pattern and vibrate around a fixed point. (1)
Memory Anchor:
Method Precise Learning Objective Linked Question / Activity
(Designed for maximum working out)		 Stepping Stones Pitstop Check
(Thinking Map)
The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas. Melting and freezing take place at the melting point, boiling and condensing take place at the boiling point. What are the three states of matter?
The three states of matter can be represented by a simple model. In this model, particles are represented by small solid spheres. How are the three states of nmatter represented when using solid spheres to represent particles?

DEMO: Particle models (using marbles or students)
Particle theory can help to explain melting, boiling, freezing and condensing. What happens to a substance as it changes from a solid to a liquid?

EW: In terms of energy and particles, explain what happens to a substance as it changes from a solid to a liquid.
The amount of energy needed to change state from solid to liquid and from liquid to gas depends on the strength of the forces between the particles of the substance. The nature of the particles involved depends on the type of bonding and the structure of the substance. The stronger the forces between the particles the higher the melting point and boiling point of the substance. Why do different substances have different melting and boiling points?
(HT only) Limitations of the simple model above include that in the model there are no forces, that all particles are represented as spheres and that the spheres are solid. What are the limitations to using simple particle models used to represent the different states of matter?
Students should be able to predict the states of substances at different temperatures given appropriate data What state would substance A be at room temperature (25oC) when substance A has a melting point of -10oC and a boiling point of 55oC?

High numeracy: Whiteboard graph to show states of matter and latent heat. Low numeracy: Whiteboard number lines and states of matter.
Students should be able to explain the different temperatures at which changes of state occur in terms of energy transfers and types of bonding Why does water boil at 100oC rather than 90oC, in terms of bonding and energy transfers?
(HT only) explain the limitations of the particle theory in relation to changes of state when particles are represented by solid inelastic spheres which have no forces between them. (HT) What are the limitations of the particle theory in relation to changes of state?
Links To the Big Ideas
ForcesParticlesEnergyCells