Lesson Plan: C1.4.04


LESSON PLAN
Teacher Subject Period Date Year Ability LSA/Other Support
Science

Context and
Landmark
Assessment		 C1.4.04
Landmark Assessment: Progress Observation Opportunity
Remember to have high expectations
Lesson Title: Today we are learning about
Why are giant covalent structures useful?
Remember to check for PROGRESS
Focus on Knowledge, Skills and Understanding
Success Criteria: You will show your learning by...
  1. Students should be able to explain the properties of diamond in terms of its structure and bonding.
  2. Metals have giant structures of atoms with strong metallic bonding. This means that most metals have high melting and boiling points.
  3. In graphite, each carbon atom forms three covalent bonds with three other carbon atoms, forming layers of hexagonal rings which have no covalent bonds between the layers.
  4. In graphite, one electron from each carbon atom is delocalised.
  5. These bonds must be overcome to melt or boil these substances.
  6. Students should be able to explain the properties of graphite in terms of its structure and bonding.
  7. Students should know that graphite is similar to metals in that it has delocalised electrons.
  8. Graphene is a single layer of graphite and has properties that make it useful in electronics and composites.
  9. Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical fullerenes with very high length to diameter ratios. Their properties make them useful for nanotechnology, electronics and materials.
  10. Students should be able to explain the properties of graphene in terms of its structure and bonding.
  11. Students should be able to recognise graphene and fullerenes from diagrams and descriptions of their bonding and structure
  12. Fullerenes are molecules of carbon atoms with hollow shapes. The structure of fullerenes is based on hexagonal rings of carbon atoms but they may also contain rings with five or seven carbon atoms.
  13. Students should be able to give examples of the uses of fullerenes, including carbon nanotubes.
Think about how you can match the needs of ALL students
Keywords:
  • Delocalised: Electrons are free to move. (1)
  • Graphite: each carbon atom is only covalently bonded to three other carbon atoms, rather than to four as in diamond. (1)
  • Melting point: The temperature at which a change of state occurs from a solid to a liquid. (1)
  • Metallic bonding is the strong attraction between closely packed positive metal ions and a 'sea' of delocalised electrons. (1)
  • This is why metals have high melting points and boiling points. (1)
  • Metallic bonding: The particles in a metal are held together by metallic bonds. (1)
Links: Literacy, Numeracy, SMSC, British values
Memory Anchor:

AFL/Key Questions:
  1. Why is diamond so hard, in terms of its structure and bonding?
    each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds with other carbon atoms in a giant covalent structure, so diamond is very hard, has a very high melting point and does not conduct electricity.
  2. Why do metals tend to have high melting and boiling points?
    Metals have giant structures of atoms with strong metallic bonding. This means that most metals have high melting and boiling points.
  3. How many bonds does each carbon atom form in graphite and how does this impact it's structure?
    In graphite, each carbon atom forms three covalent bonds with three other carbon atoms, forming layers of hexagonal rings which have no covalent bonds between the layers.
  4. What happens to the spare electron that remains unused in a covalent bond in graphite?
    It becomes delocalised (shared between atoms)
  5. Why do giant covalent structures have very high melting and boiling points?
    Their covalent bonds must be overcome in order for them to melt or boil, meaning large amounts of energy are required..
  6. Why is graphite soft and slippery?
    Because individual layer of graphite are only held together by weak intermolecular forces, allowing them to easily slide away from each other.
  7. How is graphite similar to metals?
    Graphite is similar to metals in that is has delocalised electrons.
  8. What makes graphene useful in electronics and composites?
    Graphene is a single layer of graphite and has properties that make it useful in electronics and composites.
  9. What are the properties of carbon nanotubes and what do their properties make them useful for?
    Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical fullerenes with very high length to diameter ratios. Their properties make them useful for nanotechnology, electronics and materials.
  10. What are the properties of graphene in terms of its structure and bonding?
    - One atom thick, so is 2D in structure. - Strong, as each layer of graphene is held together by strong covalent bonds. - Able to conduct electricity and heat, due to each carbon giving up a delocalised electron.
  11. What are fullerenes and what is their structure?
    Fullerenes are molecules of carbon atoms with hollow shapes. The structure of fullerenes is based on hexagonal rings of carbon atoms but they may also contain rings with five or seven carbon atoms.
  12. Name three uses of fullerenes?
    Fullerenes can be used as carbon nanotubes to reinforce graphite in tennis rackets, semiconductors in electrical circuits, and as nanotubes as a container from transporting a drug in the body.
Identify questions for high, middle, low and identify questioning techniques- Challenge questions

Learning Phases/Episodes
Think about how you can match the needs of ALL students
Differentiation: AGT, SEND, LLL, Disadvantaged
Remember to check for PROGRESS
Starter Activity Differentiation and Challenge question/task
  • Students to copy and complete the keywords.
  • Teacher reveals missing letters; Students correct mistakes;
  • Discuss the scientific meanings of the words.
  • Students to write down the definitions of the most important / new keywords.
  • Discuss the 'Memory Anchor'.
    • What does it show?
    • How does it relate to the what we are learning about today (title)?
Think about PACE – Develop, consolidate and deepen knowledge, skills and understanding
Teacher or Student lead? Differentiation and Challenge question/task
Progress Check Extension
Remember to give time to apply knowledge, skills and understanding
Teacher or Student lead? Differentiation and Challenge question/task
Progress Check Extension

Teacher or Student lead? Differentiation and Challenge question/task
Progress Check Extension

Teacher or Student lead? Differentiation and Challenge question/task
Progress Check Extension


Plenary Differentiation and Challenge question/task
  • Students to answer the 'Key Questions' with learning partners.
Progress Check
  • Teacher to reveal and discuss the answers to the questions.
 Extension
  • What have learnt about the 'Big Ideas' today?

Homework Differentiation and Challenge question/task