10th Sep '25

Multiple Choice 2015-16

Question	Answer	Point
What are the five food groups of a human diet?	the content of a healthy human diet: carbohydrates, lipids (fats and oils), proteins, vitamins, minerals, dietary fibre and water, and why each is needed	The five food groups of a human diet are: - carbohydrates (sugar and starch), - lipids (fats and oils), - proteins, - vitamins and minerals, - dietary fibre - (and water).
What type of carbohydrate is used by the body for slow release energy?	Carbohydrates: Starch is used slow release energy.	Carbohydrates: Starch is used for slow release energy.
What type of carbohydrate is used by the body for quick release energy?	Carbohydrates: Sugar is used quick release energy.	Carbohydrates: Sugar is used for quick release energy.
What are Lipids used for?	Lipids are used for slow release energy, protection of organs and cell building.	Lipids are used for slow release energy, protection of organs and cell building.
What does the body use Protein for?	Proteins are used for growth, cell repair and cell replacement.	Proteins are used for growth, cell repair and cell replacement.
Which food group is needed in small quantities for a healthy body?	Vitamins and minerals are needed in small quantities for a healthy body.	Vitamins and minerals are needed in small quantities for a healthy body.
What is Dietary Fibre needed for?	Dietary Fibre is needed for healthy waste removal.	Dietary Fibre is needed for healthy waste removal.
What is the definition for a 'Balanced Diet'?	A 'Balanced Diet' is a diet in which neither too much energy is consumed, nor too much of any one type of food group.	A 'Balanced Diet' is a diet in which neither too much energy is consumed, nor too much of any one type of food group.
Which food type(s) are required in the greatest proportion	Fruit and vegetables and Bread, rice, potatoes and pasta	A balanced diet consists of these proportions of food types: Fruit and vegetables: 33% Bread, rice, potatoes and pasta: 33% Milk and other dairy products : 15% Meat, fish, egg, beans: 12% Foods and drinks high in energy: 7%
What is the definition of a food group?	A food group is what substances are in the food.	A food group is what substances are in the food.
What is the definition of a food type?	A food type is the name of the food.	A food type is the name of the food.
Which food type provides vitamins, minerals and fibre?	Fruit and vegetables give Vitamins and minerals and Fibre	Fruit and vegetables give Vitamins and minerals and Fibre
Which 4 types of food provide slow release energy (starch)?	Bread, rice, potatoes and pasta gives starch (Carbohydrates) for slow energy.	Bread, rice, potatoes and pasta gives Starch (Carbohydrates)
Which food type provides vitamins, minerals and lipids?	Milk and milk products provides vitamins, minerals and lipids.	Milk and milk products gives Protein; Lipids; Vitamins and Minerals
What food group do meat, fish, eggs and beans provide?	Meat, fish, eggs and beans provide protein and lipids.	Meat, fish, egg, beans gives Protein; Lipids
What type of carbohydrate does food high in energy contain?	Foods and drinks high in energy tend to contain Sugars (Carbohydrates)	Foods and drinks high in energy tend to conatain lots of sugars (Carbohydrates) and lipids.
What type of energy is stored in food?	Energy in food is chemical energy.	Energy in food is chemical energy.
What is food energy measured in (in catering)?	Energy in food is measured in catering calories (Kilocalories)	Energy in food is measured in catering calories (Kilocalories)
What is food energy measured in (in science)?	Energy in food is measured in Kilojoules in science.	Energy in food is measured in Kilojoules in science.
How are the energy requirements of a healthy diet calculated?	calculations of energy requirements in a healthy daily diet	Even when you are asleep you require energy to stay alive.
What do we require energy for?	You require energy to do anything more than stay alive.	You require energy to do anything more than stay alive.
What is the term for the energy required just to stay alive?	The energy required just to stay alive is known as your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR).	The energy required just to stay alive is known as your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR).
What is the amount of energy you used during the day called?	The energy you expend through the day doing activities is known as your Active Metabolic Rate (AMR).	The energy you expend through the day doing activities is known as your Active Metabolic Rate (AMR).
What does BMR depend on?	Your BMR depends on your age and gender.	Your BMR depends on your age and gender.
What does AMR depend on?	Your AMR depends on your activities.	Your AMR depends on your activities.
How do you work out someones total energy requirements?	Total Energy Requirements = BMR plus AMR	Total Energy Requirements = BMR plus AMR
What happens if someone consumes more energy than they use?	the consequences of imbalances in the diet, including obesity, starvation and deficiency diseases	If a person consumes more energy than they use they gain weight.
What happens if someone consumes less energy than they use?	If a person consumes less energy than they use they lose weight.	If a person consumes less energy than they use they lose weight.
What is the medical term for someone who is excessively fat?	People who are excessively fat are said to be obese.	People who are excessively fat are said to be obese.
What health problems does obesity cause?	Obesity leads to health problems: - arthritis (worn joints) - diabetes (high blood sugar) - high blood pressure - heart disease	Obesity leads to health problems: - arthritis (worn joints) - diabetes (high blood sugar) - high blood pressure - heart disease
When does starvation occur?	Starvation occurs when a person does not consume enough energy to live (over the medium term).	Starvation occurs when a person does not consume enough energy to live (over the medium term).
What can happen when you do not consume enough vitamins or minerals?	If you do not consume enough vitamins and minerals then you may suffer from deficiency diseases, as cells are unable to function properly.	If you do not consume enough vitamins and minerals then you may suffer from deficiency diseases, as cells are unable to function properly.
Which organ system is involved in digestion?	Digestion happens in the digestive system.	Digestion happens in the digestive system.
Which organs are part of the digestive system?	The parts of the digestive system: Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Small intestine, Large intestine, Appendix, Rectum, Anus.	The parts of the digestive system: Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Small intestine, Large intestine, Appendix, Rectum, Anus.
How is food broken down in the mouth?	Food is broken down into smaller pieces by chewing in the mouth.	Food is broken down into smaller pieces by chewing in the mouth.
What is the result of of having smaller pieces of food?	The food will have a larger surface area.	Chewing food into smaller pieces increase the surface area of the food.
How does a larger surface area affect digestion?	The surface area of food allows more food - saliva contact which speeds up the rate of digestion.	The surface area of food allows more food - saliva contact. More food - saliva contact speeds up the rate of digestion.
How is food broken down in the stomach?	Food is churned in the stomach which physically breaks the food down. Stomach acids help to break down the food chemically.	Food is churned in the stomach which physically breaks the food down. Stomach acids help to break down the food chemically.
Where are the nutrients from absorbed?	The nutrients from the digested food are absorbed into the blood stream in the small intestines.	The nutrients from the digested food are absorbed into the blood stream in the small intestines.
How are nutrients absorbed in the small intestine?	Nutrients diffuse from inside the small intestine into the blood vessels surround it.	The nutrients from the digested food diffuse through the intestine wall.
What is the role of the villi? Explain your answer.	Microscopic projections called villi increase the surface area of the intestine. Therefore increasing the rate of diffusion of useful particles from the intestines to the bloodstream.	Microscopic projections called villi increase the surface area of the intestine. Therefore increasing the rate of diffusion of useful particles from the intestines to the bloodstream.
Compare the concentrations of nutrients in the small intestine to the blood surround it.	There is a high concentration of nutrients in the intestine and a lower concentration in the blood.	There is a high concentration of nutrients in the intestine and a lower concentration in the blood. This creates a concentration gradient.
Why is there a great concentration gradient?	There is a big difference in concentration. There is a short distance between the high concentration and the low concentration.	The concentration gradient is great because - the distance between the digested food and the blood is small because the wall of the intestine is thin. - there is a good blood supply to remove the nutrients from the blood vessel next to the intestine.
Why is the small intestine so long?	The small intestine is long to maximise the time in which diffusion can happen and so get the most from the food that we eat.	The small intestine is long (up to 9 meters) to maximise the time in which (complete digestion and) diffusion can happen.
What happens to the excess water?	Excess water is absorbed back into the blood stream through the large intestines.	Excess water is absorbed back into the blood stream through the large intestines.
What is faeces?	Undigested food passes out of the anus as faeces when we go to the toilet.	Undigested food passes out of the anus as faeces when we go to the toilet.
What are enzymes and where are they produced?	Enzymes are biological catalysts (help specific chemical reactions to happen) that are produced in salivary glands and the pancreas.	Enzymes are biological catalysts (help specific chemical reactions to happen) that are produced in salivary glands and the pancreas.
Which enzyme breaks down carbohydrates?	Amylase enzymes in the mouth break carbohydrates down into sugars.	Amylase enzymes in the mouth break carbohydrates down into sugars.
Which food does protease break down?	Protease enzymes in the stomach break proteins down into amino acids.	Protease enzymes in the stomach break proteins down into amino acids.
Where is lipase used?	Lipase enzymes in the small intestines break fats down into glycerol and fatty acids.	Lipase enzymes in the small intestines break Lipids down into glycerol and fatty acids.
Which other enzymes are found in the small intestines?	Amylase and Protease enzymes in the small intestines break undigested carbohydrates and proteins	Amylase and Protease enzymes in the small intestines break undigested carbohydrates and proteins
How do the nutrients reach the blood stream?	Nutrients are now small enough to be absorbed through the lining of the small intestines into the bloodstream.	Nutrients are now small enough to be absorbed through the lining of the small intestines into the bloodstream.
How is the lining of the small intestines adapted?	The lining of the small intestines is adapted to have a thin lining, large surface area and good blood supply.	The lining of the small intestines is adapted to have a thin lining, large surface area and good blood supply.
What is absorbed through the lining of the large intestines?	Water is absorbed through the lining of the large intestines.	Water is absorbed through the lining of the large intestines.
What happens to the undigested food?	Anything left is excreted	Anything left is excreted
What role does bacteria play in the human digestive system?	the importance of bacteria in the human digestive system	the importance of bacteria in the human digestive system

Mod	Number of Questions
0S	10
1B	10
1C	10
1P	10
BI	5