Multiple Choice 2015-16
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Answer
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What causes a spring to deform?
A spring will deform (stretch or compression) until the tension balances the load placed upon it.
A spring will deform (stretch or compression) until the tension balances the load placed upon it.
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What happens to an object when it is deformed elastically?
When a spring (or any object) is deformed elastically it will go back to its original shape.
When a spring (or any object) is deformed elastically it will go back to its original shape.
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What energy transfers occur when an object is deformed elastically?
When a spring (or any object) is deformed elastically, there is work done as kinetic energy is transformed into elastic (strain) potential energy.
When a spring (or any object) is deformed elastically, there is work done as kinetic energy is transformed into elastic (strain) potential energy.
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What happens to the elastic potential energy of a spring as it returns to its original shape?
The elastic (strain) potential energy can be retrieved as the object returns to it shape, normally in the form of kinetic energy.
The elastic (strain) potential energy can be retrieved as the object returns to it shape, normally in the form of kinetic energy.
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What happens to an object when it is deformed plastically?
force-extension linear relation; Hooke's Law as a special case
When a spring (or any object) is deformed plastically it will not go back to its original shape.
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What energy transfers occur when an object is plastically deformed and where is the energy?
When a spring (or any object) is deformed plastically kinetic energy is used to overcome the forces between particles. This energy ends up as thermal energy as the particles are vibrating more.
When a spring (or any object) is deformed plastically kinetic energy is used to overcome the forces between particles. This energy ends up as thermal energy as the particles are vibrating more.
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What is happening to a spring during the linear region of a force-extension graph? At what point does the spring stop obeying Hooke's law?
While in the linear region of a force-extension graph, the spring is obeying Hooke's Law and the deformation is elastic. Past the limit of proportionality, the spring does not obey Hooke's Law and is being plastically deformed.
While in the linear region of a force-extension graph, the spring is obeying Hooke's Law and the deformation is elastic. Past the limit of proportionality, the spring does not obey Hooke's Law and is being plastically deformed.
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What is the role of a machine in terms of forces?
A machines transmits a force from one place or object to another.
A machines transmits a force from one place or object to another.
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What is the advantage and disadvantage of a simple machine?
Simple machines give bigger force but at the expense of smaller movement (and vice versa)
Simple machines give bigger force but at the expense of smaller movement (and vice versa)
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Give 3 examples of simple machines.
Simple machines include: - Ramps - Levers - Pulleys - Wedge - Screw
Simple machines include: - Ramps - Levers - Pulleys - Wedge - Screw
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What is work done? What is work done also known as? What unit do we use for work done?
The product of force and displacement is work done. Work done is also known as energy transferred. The unit of work done is therefore Joules.
The product of force and displacement is work done. Work done is also known as energy transferred. The unit of work done is therefore Joules.
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What is the relationship between energy transferred in and work done?
The 'energy transferred in' is equal to the work done.
The 'energy transferred in' is equal to the work done.
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What is a moment?
A moment is the turning effect of a force?
When a force is applied offset from a pivot, the force produces a turning effect. This turning effect is known as a 'moment'.
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What two factors is the size of a moment proportional to?
The size of a moment proprtional to two factors: -the size of the force applied -the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force
The size of a moment proprtional to two factors: -the size of the force applied -the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force
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What unit do we use for moments?
The SI units of a moment are Newton Metres (Nm), although Ncm are commonly used.
The SI units of a moment are Newton Metres (Nm), although Ncm are commonly used.
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What is gas pressure caused by?
Gas pressure is caused by particles (in a gas) bouncing off a surface.
Gas pressure is caused by particles (in a gas) bouncing off a surface.
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What is atmospheric pressure caused by?
Atmospheric pressure, it is caused by the weight of air above.
Atmospheric pressure is caused by the weight of air above.
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What effect does increase of height have on atmospheric pressure? Explain this.
Atmospheric pressure, decreases with increase of height as weight of air above decreases with height
Atmospheric pressure, decreases with increase of height as weight of air above decreases with height
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What is the equation for calculating pressure?
Pressure = force/area
Pressure measured by ratio of force over area - acting normal to any surface.
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What is pressure in fluids caused by?
Pressure in fluids is caused by the collision of particles on the surface of an object.
Pressure in fluids is caused by the collision of particles on the surface of an object.
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What is the magnitude of the pressure in liquids equal to?
The magnitude of the pressure in liquids is equal to the weight of water above the object.
The magnitude of the pressure in liquids is equal to the weight of water above the object.
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What happens to the pressure in liquids when depth is increased?
The pressure in liquids increases with depth.
The pressure in liquids increases with depth.
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What is the relationship between the upthrust force and the weight of the water?
The size of the upthrust force is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the object.
The size of the upthrust force is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the object.
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To what point will an object sink to?
An object will sink until enough water is displaced to produce an upthrust to balance it's weight.
An object will sink until enough water is displaced to produce an upthrust to balance it's weight.
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What causes an object to sink?
If the weight of the object is greater than the upthrust produced the object will sink.
If the weight of the object is greater than the upthrust produced the object will sink.
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What causes an object to float?
If the weight of the object is equal to the upthrust produced the object will float.
If the weight of the object is equal to the upthrust produced the object will float.
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What is the density of water equal to?
The density of water is 1kg/l = 1g/ml
The density of water is 1kg/l = 1g/ml
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What effect do objects that are less dense than water have on the water?
Objects which are less dense than water will displace a greater weight of water than they have. Therefore they will float.
Objects which are less dense than water will displace a greater weight of water than they have. Therefore they will float.
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What effect do objects that are more dense than water have on water?
Objects which are more dense than water will displace a smaller weight of water than they have. Therefore they will sink.
Objects which are more dense than water will displace a smaller weight of water than they have. Therefore they will sink.
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What method is used to heat most homes? How do urban homes get this resource? How do rural homes get this resource?
Most homes are heated with natural gas. This is piped to most homes through a national grid, although Rural homes may have a gas tank.
Most homes are heated with natural gas. This is piped to most homes through a national grid, although Rural homes may have a gas tank.
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What is a non-renewable energy source? Give some examples.
A non-renewable energy source is an energy source that cannot be reused. Non-Renewable Energy Resources include: - Coal - Oil - Gas - Nuclear
Non-Renewable Energy Resources include: - Coal - Oil - Gas - Nuclear
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What is the main difference between homes powered by gas and homes powered by oil?
Homes used to be powered by oil. Some homes are still are. There is no national oil pipe network.
Homes used to be powered by oil. Some homes are still are. There is no national oil pipe network.
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What are most of the appliances in the home powered by?
Most of the other appliances in the home are powered by electricity.
Most of the other appliances in the home are powered by electricity.
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Where is electricity generated?
Electricity is generated in Power Stations which harness an 'Energy Resource'.
Electricity is generated in Power Stations which harness an 'Energy Resource'.
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What is a renewable energy source? Give some examples.
A renewable energy source is an energy source that can be reused.Renewable Energy Resources include: - Wind - Wave - Hydro - Tidal - Solar - Biomass - Geothermal
Renewable Energy Resources include: - Wind - Wave - Hydro - Tidal - Solar - Biomass - Geothermal
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How do most thermal power stations work?
Most thermal power stations convert Chemical (or Nuclear) Energy into thermal by burning and then into Electrical Energy (Intermediate steps optional).
Most thermal power stations convert Chemical (or Nuclear) Energy into thermal by burning and then into Electrical Energy (Intermediate steps optional).
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How do most non-thermal power stations work?
Most non-thermal power stations convert Kinetic Energy into Electrical Energy (Intermediate steps optional).
Most non-thermal power stations convert Kinetic Energy into Electrical Energy (Intermediate steps optional).
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What energy transfers occur in solar power stations?
Solar power stations convert Light Energy into Electrical Energy directly.
Solar power stations convert Light Energy into Electrical Energy directly.
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What sort of appliances generally use the most energy?
Heating appliances use a lot of energy.
Heating appliances use a lot of energy.
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What does the amount of energy transferred depend on?
The amount of energy transferred by an appliance depends on the power rating of the appliance and the duration.
The amount of energy transferred by an appliance depends on the power rating of the appliance and the duration.
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What is the equation for calculating energy?
Energy = power x time
Energy = power x time
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How many Joules are there in a kilojoule?
There are 1000 joules in a kilojoule.
Sample calculations to include: J, kJ, kWhour units.
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What is a kilowatt hour? What units are used?
The amount of energy transferred in one hour. kWh.
A unit of electrical energy is the same as a kilowatt hour (kWh).
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How is the amount of energy used by a customer measured?
The amount of electrical energy used by a customer is measured by an electrical meter.
The amount of electrical energy used by a customer is measured by an electrical meter.
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What is the equation for calculating the cost of electricity?
The cost of electricity is equal to number of units x cost per unit.
The cost of electricity is equal to number of units x cost per unit.
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What is the rough cost of an electrical unit?
The cost of an electrical unit is around 15p. The cost of Gas is around 4p per kWh, which is why it is preferred for heating applications.
The cost of an electrical unit is around 15p. The cost of Gas is around 4p per kWh, which is why it is preferred for heating applications.
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Mod
Number of Questions
0S
10
1B
10
1C
10
1P
10
BI
5