10th Sep '25

Multiple Choice 2015-16

Question	Answer	Point
When Iron Sulfide mixes with Lead Nitrate, what happens?	There is a reaction; Lead Sulfide and Iron Nitrate are produced.	Predict the outcome of reactions with metals and metal salt solutions given the reactivity series.
What happens in a displacement reaction?	In displacement reactions the more reactive metal displaces (takes the place) of the less reactive metal.	In displacement reactions the more reactive metal displaces (takes the place) of the less reactive metal.
What is definition of a rate?	A rate is how quickly something happens / how much in a bit of time.	Metals will react with acid at different rates.
What gas is produced when a metal reacts with an acid?	When Metals react with acid with they produce (a salt and) hydrogen gas.	When Metals react with acid with they produce (a salt and) hydrogen gas.
What do all acids contain?	Acids contain hydrogen (ions) particles.	Acids contain hydrogen (ions) particles.
What is the reactivity series?	An order of metals based on their reactivity (how quickly / strongly they react).	Metals can be put into order of reactivity called the 'the reactivity series'
Other than a gas, what is produced when an acid reacts with a metal?	When Metals react with acid with they produce a salt (and hydrogen gas).	When Metals react with acid with they produce a salt (and hydrogen gas).
Draw particle diagrams for a metal reacting with an acid.	- Three different types of particle. Before: - Metal particle by itself - Hydrogen particle with another particle After: - Metal with other particle - Hydrogen paricle by itself. - Hydrogen in pairs	Draw particle diagrams for metals reacting with acid.
Write a word equation for metals reacting with acid.	Format: Metal Acid -> Salt Hydrogen Where the salt has Metal name and then the non metal ion from the acid. eg Iron Hydrochloric acid -> Iron Chloride Hydrogen Gas	Write word equations for metals reacting with acid.
Write a symbol equation for metals reacting with acid.	eg Fe HCl -> FeCl H Balanced equations for bonus mark. Correct formula second bonus mark	Write symbol equations for metals reacting with acid.
Which two non-metal elements are often added to the reactivity series?	Carbon and Hydrogen are often be added to the reactivity series.	Carbon and Hydrogen are often added to the reactivity series for comparison.
Why don't we find pure metals that are more reactive than hydrogen in the ground?	The metal displaces the hydrogen, found in ground water, to produce metal oxides.	Metals more reactive than hydrogen will react with water as they will displace the hydrogen forming metal oxides.
What do we call rocks that have significant amounts of metal compounds in?	The rocks that have significant amounts of metal oxides in are known as ores.	The rocks that have significant amounts of metal oxides in are known as ores.
What needs to be done to get useable metals?	Metal in metal oxides needs to be chemical separated from the oxygen.	In order to obtain useable metal it needs to be chemically separated from the oxygen.
What type of furnace is used to produce iron?	The blast furnace is used to produce Iron from iron oxide.	The blast furnace is used to obtaining some metals from metal oxides using carbon. eg Iron from iron oxide.
What is added to to the furnace to remove the oxygen from the ore?	Carbon is added to blast furnace remove the oxygen from the ore.	Carbon is more reactive than iron so the carbon displaces the iron to form carbon dioxide leaving the iron by itself.
What determines if carbon can displace the metal?	Carbon can only displace metals that are less reactive than itself.	Carbon can only displace metals that are less reactive than itself.
Draw a labelled diagram to show how to collect gas over water.	- Up turned measuring cylinder / test tube - In tub of water - Delivery tube from reaction to under measuring cylinder - Reaction in a conical flask.	Gas can be collected over water using a delivery tube.
What is a better method to measure the amount of gas produced by a reaction?	A better method to measure the volume of gas produced by a reaction is to use a gas syringe.	Gas can be collected using a gas syringe. This is an improved method to measure the volume of gas.
How are ceramic objects made?	Ceramic materials are solids made by baking a starting material in a very hot oven or kiln.	Ceramic materials are solids made by baking a starting material like clay, in a very hot oven or kiln.
Give two examples of a ceramic material.	Ceramic materials include: Pottery; Bricks; Glass; Cement; Diamond	Ceramic materials include: Pottery; Bricks; Glass; Cement; Diamond
Ceramic materials are hard,what does this mean?	Ceramic materials are hard, because they are not easy to scratch /	Ceramic materials are hard, so not easy to scratch.
How are ceramics used to be at their strongest?	Ceramic materials are strong under compression (being squashed).	Ceramic materials are strong under compression.
Ceramics are brittle. What does this mean?	Ceramics are brittle, because they can not absorb energy quickly or bend without breaking	Ceramics are brittle.
How are metals used to be at their strongest?	Metals are in tension (being stretched).	Metals have a high Tensile Strength
Metals are Sonorous. What does this mean?	Metals are Sonorous because they make a ringing sound when struck.	Metals are Sonorous
Metals are malleable. What does this mean?	Metals are malleable because they can be hammered into shape.	Metals are malleable
Metals are ductile. What does this mean?	Metals are ductile because they can be drawn (stretched) into a tread.	Metals are ductile
Metals are lustrous. What does this mean?	Metals are lustrous because they are shiny.	Metals are lustrous
Metals are good conductor. What does this mean?	Metals are good conductor because they allow the flow of heat and/or electricity through it.	Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
What are the general properties of ceramics?	Ceramics have High melting points (so they're heat resistant). Great hardness and strength, Considerable durability (they're long-lasting and hard-wearing) and Low electrical and thermal conductivity (they're good insulators).	These are the general properties of ceramics and metals, but there are exceptions.
What is the chemistry name for plastics?	Plastics are polymers.	Plastics are polymers.
What determines how a polymer is used?	The properties of the polymer determine how they are used.	There are many different polymers. Their properties determine how they are used.
Name four properties of some polymers.	Polymers can be flexible, cheap, electrical insulator, strong, tough resistant to chemicals and generally have a low density.	Polymers can be flexible, cheap, electrical insulator, strong, tough resistant to chemicals and generally have a low density.
What is a composite material?	Composites are made up of more than type of material.	Composites are made up of more than type of material.
Why are composites used?	Composites have a mixture of properties from the materials that make them up.	Composites have a mixture of properties from the materials that make them up.
Explain why reinforced concrete used for bridges?	MARK USING SCIENCE EXPLANATION LADDER	Reinforced concrete is a composite of concrete (ceramic) and metal bars.
What are glass Reinforced Plastics?	Glass Reinforced Plastics (GRP) are a composite of glass fibres (ceramic) and a plastic (polymer).	Glass Reinforced Plastics (GRP) are a composite of glass fibres (ceramic) and a plastic (polymer).
How are particles in a solid arranged?	Particels in a solid are tightly packed, usually in a regular pattern.	Particles in a solid are arranged in a lattice (pattern).
Do all solids have the particles arranged in the same pattern?	No, different types of solids have their particles arranged in a differnet shaped lattices (patterns).	Different types of solid are have their particles arranged in a differnet shaped lattices (patterns).
Why are metals malleable and ductile?	Metals are malleable and ductile because their particles are arranged in layers with weak bonds between them.	Metals are malleable and ductile because their particles are arranged in layers with weakish bonds between them. (This is an oversimplification as dislocations and grain boundaries are the true weaknesses)
What happens to the metals layers when a force is applied?	When a force is applied to the metal layers they slide over each other changing the material's shape.	When a force is applied to the metal layers they slide over each other changing the material's shape.
Why are metals known as tough?	Metals are tough because when there is a shock of energy, it can be absorbed in the flexibility of these weak bonds.	Metals are tough because when there is a shock of energy, it can be absorbed in the flexibility of these weak bonds.
Why are ceramics brittle?	Ceramics are brittle because when there is a shock of energy, it can not be absorbed as there is no flexibility in the strong bonds.	Ceramics are brittle because when there is a shock of energy, it can not be absorbed as there is no flexibility in the strong bonds.
Why are ceramics hard and brittle?	Ceramics are hard and brittle because their particles are held in a lattice shape such as a tetrahedral.	Ceramics are hard and brittle because their particles are held in a lattice shape such as a tetrahedral.
Why are tetrahedrals strong shapes?	Tetrahedrals are strong shapes as each particle is held in place by triangles of bonds.	Tetrahedrals are strong shapes as each particle is held in place by triangles of bonds.
What does a strong structure mean?	The strong structure means that particles will not move as much as others so can scratch the softer material. But it also means that a shock of energy can not be absorbed by the bonds as there is no flexibility in the structure.	The strong structure means that particles will not move as much as others so can scratch the softer material. But it also means that a shock of energy can not be absorbed by the bonds as there is no flexibility in the structure.
How are particels in a polymer arranged?	The particles in polymers are a arranged in chains.	The particles in polymers are a arranged in chains.
What are the bonds in a polymer like?	The bonds in the chain are very strong, but the force between chains are relatively weak.	The bonds in the chain are very strong, but the force between chains are relatively weak.
What does the length of a polymer chain affect?	The length of the particle chain affects how the chains interact with each other and so the properties of the polymer.	The length of the particle chain affects how the chains interact with each other and so the properties of the polymer.
What are the applications of ceramics, polymers and composites?	Ceramics are used in bricks and pottery. Polymers are used in PVC, Lycra,Nylon and polyethene. Composites: waterproof clothing eg; Gore Tex Car wheels.	Application of ceramics, polymers and composites (qualitative)

Mod	Number of Questions
0S	10
1B	10
1C	10
1P	10
BI	5