11th Sep '25

Multiple Choice 2015-16

Question	Answer	Point
Are all rocks the same age?	There are lots of different rocks of all sorts of ages.	There are lots of different rocks of all sorts of ages.
Where are the oldest rocks found?	The oldest rocks are found in Africa, Canada and Australia.	The oldest rocks are found in Africa, Canada and Australia.
Where are the youngest rocks on the earth generally found?	The youngest rocks are found around volcanoes.	The youngest rocks are found around volcanoes.
Why has the amount of rock material on the earth remained fairly constant since its formation?	No new material gained or lost from the planet (with the exception of the small number of meteorites that have collided with the planet)	There has been no new rock material added to the earth since it was created apart from a small amount of meteorites.
What materials are new rocks made from?	Those recycled by the earth over its existence.	New rocks are made from recycled material.
What type of rocks are formed when molten rock freezes?	Igneous rocks	Igneous rocks are formed when molten rocks freeze.
Describe the structure of particles in an igneous rock	Particles in an igneous rock are fixed in a lattice, the reason why the rocks hold their shape.	When frozen, the particles in the rocks are fixed in a lattice, that is why the rocks hold their shape.
Solids are made up of crystals. What are crystals?	Crystals are regions of a single lattice orientation.	Solids are made up of crystals. Crystals are regions of a single lattice orientation.
How does the rate at which something freezes affect the size of the crystals it contains?	The slower the rate of freezing, the greater the size of the crystals that are formed within that structure.	When solids freeze quickly the crystals are small.
Why are the crystals formed larger when an object freezes more slowly?	The crystals are large because the particles have more time to line up before freezing.	The crystals are large because the particles have more time to line up before freezing.
Why are the crystals formed smaller when an object freezes quickly?	The crystals are small because the particles have less time to line up before freezing.	The crystals are small because the particles have less time to line up before freezing.
What size crystals are formed when solids freeze slowly?	When solids freeze slowly the crystals are large.	When solids freeze slowly the crystals are large.
What is the impact on the structure of an igneous rock when it forms slowly under the ground?	Due to it cooling slowly, it will contain large crystals.	When igneous rocks are formed under the ground they cool slowly so the crystals are large.
What is the impact on the structure of an igneous rock when it forms above the ground or in water, resulting in tit cooling rapidly?	Due to it cooling quickly, it will contain small crystals.	When igneous rocks are formed above ground or in water they cool quickly so the crystals are small.
Does the size of crystals affect the properties of a rock?	The size of crystals affects some of the properties of the rock.	The size of crystals affects some of the properties of the rock.
What is weathering?	Weathering is breaking up of rock where it stands.	Weathering is breaking up of rock where it stands.
Over time, what happens to rocks as they are weathered?	Rocks are broken down into increasing smaller particles	Rocks are broken down into increasing smaller particles: Gravel; Sand; Silt; Clay
What is chemical weathering?	Chemical weathering is the weathering of rocks caused by chemicals. For example, rainwater is naturally slightly acidic because carbon dioxide from the air dissolves in it. Minerals in rocks may react with the rainwater, causing the rock to be weathered.	Weathering can be chemical weathering, in which rocks are broken down when the particles that make them up are changed.
What is physical weathering?	Physical weathering of rocks occurs when they are broken down, but the particles that make them up are not chemically changed.	Weathering can be physical weathering, in which rocks are broken down when the particles that make them up are not changed. But the forces between the particles are overcome to separate them into small pieces of rock.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?	Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment (little pieces of weathered rock) is laid down in layers under water and then compressed by layers above. The water between the sediment is squeezed out and the sediment bonds together.	Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment (little pieces of weathered rock) is laid down in layers under water and then compressed by layers above. The water between the sediment is squeezed out and the sediment bonds together.
What may occur when organisms fall into the sediment of a forming rock?	If organisms fall into the sediment then the rock can take the shape of the organism. These formations are fossils.	If organisms fall into the sediment then the rock can take the shape of the organism. These formations are fossils.
What causes the formation of a metamorphic rock?	Metamorphic rocks are formed when either igneous or sedimentary rocks are heated and under great pressure.	Metamorphic rocks are formed when either igneous or sedimentary rocks are heated under great pressure.
Where are the resources we rely upon extracted from?	All resources we use come from come from the Earth's crust or the atmosphere.	All resources come form come from the Earth's crust or the atmosphere.
Why is coal a better source of energy than wood?	Coal contains more energy per kilogram than wood as it is a concentrated form of wood without moisture in.	Coal contains more energy per kilogram than wood as it is a concentrated form of wood without moisture in.
How is crude oil formed?	Crude oil (and natural gas) is formed when sea creatures (mainly microscopic) are compressed under layers of sediment	Crude oil (and natural gas) is formed when sea creatures (mainly microscopic) are compressed under layers of sediment.
How is coal formed?	Coal is a sedimentary rock formed when trees and plants are compressed under layers of sediment. (The highest grade coal, Anthracite, is actually metamorphic)	Coal is a sedimentary rock formed when trees and plants are compressed under layers of sediment. (The highest grade coal, Anthracite, is actually metamorphic)
What uses do we have for crude oil?	Crude oil can be processed into fuels, chemicals and plastics.	Crude oil can be processed into fuels, chemicals and plastics.
How are most metals obtained from the Earth's crust?	Most metals are dug up from the earths crust in the form of ores.	Metals are dug up from the earth in the form of ores.
What is a ceramic material?	Ceramics are made from muds, dug up from the Earth's crust.	Ceramics are made from muds that are dug up from the earth
What is it important that we recycle?	Resources on the Earth are limited, It's important that the way we behave now does not make life difficult or impossible for future generations.	the efficacy of recycling
What are the impacts on the Earth of increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere?	The result of increasing carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere will lead to global warming (increase of the Earth's average surface temperature). This will lead to changes in weather patterns, causing drought in some places and flooding in others. Also polar ice caps will melt, raising sea levels and causing increased coastal erosion and flooding of low-lying land, including land where major cities lie.	the production of carbon dioxide by human activity and the impact on climate
The emissions of which gases result in the formation of acid rain?	Acid rain is most caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide	ENQUIRY: Planning Aim: To find out how the concentration of acid (rain) affects the rate of reaction with marble chips
How can you test for the presence of carbon dioxide gas?	Bubble the gas through limewater. If carbon dioxide is present then it will turn cloudy.	The test for carbon dioxide is to bubble the gas through lime water. If it turns cloudy this is a positive result.
Are the Earth's resources infinite?	The Earth's resources are not infinite, they are limited.	Earth as a source of limited resources

Mod	Number of Questions
0S	10
1B	10
1C	10
1P	10
BI	5