Adaptations

Organisms have features known as __________ which enable them to survive in the conditions in which they normally live.

Animals and plants may be adapted for survival in the conditions where they normally live eg deserts, the Arctic.

Adaptation Arctic Deserts

Surface area Small to reduce __________ eg ears Large to increase __________ eg ears

Thickness of insulating coat Thick to reduce __________ Thin to increase __________

Amount of body fat Large to act as food store Large to act as food store

Camouflage __________ to avoid detection while hunting or being hunted __________ to avoid detection while hunting or being hunted

Adaptation	Arctic	Deserts
Surface area	Small to reduce __________ eg ears	Large to increase __________ eg ears
Thickness of insulating coat	Thick to reduce __________	Thin to increase __________
Amount of body fat	Large to act as food store	Large to act as food store
Camouflage	__________ to avoid detection while hunting or being hunted	__________ to avoid detection while hunting or being hunted

Plants lose water vapour from the surface of their leaves. Plants may be adapted to survive in dry environments by means of:

changes to surface area - Needles and spines
water-storage tissues
extensive root systems.

As one species evolves a defence other species may evolve a 'work around' for example Giraffes have evolved a long tongue that enables them to eat the leaves of plants with sharp __________ - not to mention the length of their __________.

Many of the useful chemicals found in plants are actually defence mechanisms against insects and other animals, for example Nicotine in the tobacco plant is a powerful insecticide.