Thermal energy in a material is the sum of the kinetic (__________) energy of the particles within it. The hotter the material the more __________ energy the particles have so they move __________. Particles in solids are fixed in place and so their movement is restricted to a __________. When the kinetic energy of the particles is great enough for them to break out of their place, the material will have __________.
Conduction is the passing on of kinetic energy from one particle to the next through collisions. Conduction occurs best in __________ in particular __________. This is because the particles are __________, which allows vibrations to be transmitted quicker. Metals are very good conductors because their free __________ are able to diffuse through the metal colliding with other electrons and nuclei setting them vibrating.
Different materials are better at conducting thermal energy than others. Materials that don't conduct heat well are called __________.