8th Dec '25

B1.2 Keywords

B128
  1. Concentration (2) - B1:2
    • The amount of a substance in a given volume.
  2. Concentration Gradient (2) - B1:2
    • The difference between a high and low concentration.
  3. Active Transport (2) - B1:2
    • the movement of a chemical across a partially permeable membrane against its concentration gradient using energy from respiration.
  4. Waste Product (1) - B1:1
    • A chemical substance released by cells as a by-product of metabolic reactions.
  5. Cancer (1) - B1:1
    • A malignant growth resulting from an uncontrolled division of cells.
  6. Partially-Permeable (1) - B1:1
    • A membrane that allows certain chemicals to pass through it but not others.
  7. Exchange surface (1) - B1:1
    • A specific surface in an organism adapted to transfer lots of chemicals across it, normally into or out of the blood.
  8. Benign (1) - B1:1
    • A tumour that does not spread to other parts of the body.
  9. Malignant (1) - B1:1
    • A tumour where cells can spread to other parts of the body creating new tumours.
  10. Tumour (1) - B1:1
    • Abnormal growth of cells in the body producing a swelling or lump.
  11. Mitosis (1) - B1:1
    • Cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
  12. Specialised (1) - B1:1
    • Cell that is adapted to perform a particular function in the body.
  13. Ion (1) - B1:1
    • Charged atom/particle.
  14. Crop (1) - B1:1
    • Cultivated plant grown commercially.
  15. Cell Cycle (1) - B1:1
    • Growth and reproduction of cells consisting of different stages including interphase and mitosis.
  16. Chromosome (1) - B1:1
    • Long section of DNA containing many genes.
  17. Multicellular (1) - B1:1
    • Organism made of more than one cell.
  18. Clone (1) - B1:1
    • Organism that is genetically identical to another.
  19. Diffusion (1) - B1:1
    • Passive movement of particles from a high to a low concentration.
  20. Respiration (1) - B1:1
    • Reaction releasing the energy from glucose to be used for cells to carry out activities.
  21. Rare Species (1) - B1:1
    • Species that has few individuals and often endangered with extinction.
  22. Embryonic Stem Cell (1) - B1:1
    • Stem cell that has the potential to become any type of cell in the body.
  23. Meristem (1) - B1:1
    • Stem cells in plants.
  24. Osmosis (1) - B1:1
    • The movement of water down its concentration across a partially permeable membrane.
  25. Surface Area (1) - B1:1
    • The total area of a surface.
  26. Surface Area to Volume Ratio (1) - B1:1
    • The volume of an object compared to the surface area it has.
  27. Stem Cell (1) - B1:1
    • an undifferentiated cell capable of becoming various types of cell.
  28. Differentiate (1) - B1:1
    • when a stem cell becomes specialised to a particular cell type.
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